Biodiversity is a term self perpajangan biological diversity known as the "Biodiversity" and is pengistilahan of all living high level (of animals and plants) and low-level (micro-organisms) as well as all components of the physical environment, biology and ecology. This term also describes the richness of living organisms that exist in a certain region. In the world there are more than 1.75 million species of organisms that are known and continues to develop in accordance with the development of the categorization of species discovery in accordance with the development of science. Until now, even the classification of types of organisms not yet completely revealed all kinds of animals, plants and micro-organisms that exist in the world.
Approximately 300-100 million species that have not in the know are scattered throughout the region-specific areas that have not been fully explored. One among the three categorization of biodiversity is the genetic level of biodiversity known as the Genetic Diversity. Genetic diversity is the smallest element of the categorization of biodiversity. This level is part of the diversity of the species (species diversity) that exist within a population and prevent the process of interbreeding and the influence of environmental change, disease and other physical influences. Greatest level of biodiversity is the biological level keanegaraman ecosystems inhabited by pupolasi-animal or plant populations of high and low levels in the ocean, beaches, rivers, lakes, swamps, grasslands, rocky areas, forests, deserts, mountains, hills, valleys, and others.
In 1992, in Rio de Janeiro, has been agreed to two provisions of the conventions of global environmental change (Climate change) and Biodiversity (Biological diversity). This Agreement constitutes the first global agreement in the conservation of resources, including biodiversity protection efforts that should be followed up by any State to safeguard biodiversity resources rill. More than 180 countries around the world are now implementing the convention on biological diversity.
In general, the agreement has the objective, among others: the protection and conservation of biodiversity, the wise and sustainable utilization of each component of biodiversity is the last and final alignment made increased use of commercial resources or efforts to use resources from the smallest level of genetic biodiversity wisely and with due regard to elements of conservation.
But these efforts need to be adjusted with the conditions of each country by looking at all aspects and potential supporters of their countries masing.Khusus in the field of marine resource conservation efforts that are part of the biodiversity convention is in charge in Jakarta in 1995 known as the "Jakarta Mandate on Marine and Coastal Biological Diversity. "convention is a special action program has focused efforts on coastal and marine management in an integrated, sustainable utilization of marine resources, protection of certain areas, attempts mariculture and alien species management. It is a pioneer of the overall effort of marine biodiversity protection will be determined by the majority of countries that have the potential of all aspects of marine and supporters.
Indonesia's own efforts to apply the various work programs and government regulations that touch on efforts to conserve coastal and marine resources and the existence of conservation areas and national marine parks. Another form of rill certainly have been and remain in good doing it before and after the signing of the agreement earlier. However, serious efforts are still expected more, of course, with the potential of each region or peculiarities of existing biodiversity and not only to safeguard animals and plants endemic but also with the rescue efforts that have been damaged ecosystems and the sea slowly disappear.
In general, the agreement has the objective, among others: the protection and conservation of biodiversity, the wise and sustainable utilization of each component of biodiversity is the last and final alignment made increased use of commercial resources or efforts to use resources from the smallest level of genetic biodiversity wisely and with due regard to elements of conservation.
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